India is set to have four semiconductor fabrication plants running by the end of 2025, Union Minister Rajiv Vaishnaw has said. Two plants are already operational, a third will begin production in July, and a fourth is expected to come online between November and December.

The timeline matters because semiconductors sit at the base of nearly every modern electronic product, from smartphones and cars to defense systems and data centers. Until recently, India had no domestic chip production capacity worth speaking of, leaving it entirely dependent on imports, primarily from Taiwan, South Korea, and China.

What Is India Building?

The four plants are part of India's broader semiconductor mission, a government-backed push to build a domestic chip supply chain. While the government has not detailed in this update which companies are running which facilities, the mission has previously seen approvals for units backed by the Tata Group, Foxconn's India partnership, and others under the India Semiconductor Mission scheme.

Alongside chip manufacturing, India is also expanding its data center capacity and pushing into AI hardware manufacturing. These are complementary bets: chips feed data centers, data centers run AI workloads, and domestic production of all three reduces reliance on foreign supply chains.

Why This Matters Now

The timing is deliberate. Global semiconductor supply chains have been under pressure since the COVID-era chip shortage, and geopolitical tensions between the US and China have pushed major economies to build local production buffers. India is positioning itself as an alternative manufacturing hub, particularly as companies diversify away from Taiwan and China.

Vaishnaw framed the progress as giving India the tools to handle global economic turbulence and sustain growth. A domestic chip supply chain reduces import costs over time, creates high-skill manufacturing jobs, and gives India more leverage in technology trade negotiations.

The immediate test is execution. Getting a semiconductor plant from construction to commercial-scale production is technically complex and has tripped up even well-funded projects globally. Watching whether the July and November-December deadlines hold will be the first real indicator of whether India's semiconductor ambitions are on track.